CAI-NJ Jan. 2022(w)

ENGINEERING... from page 25.

scan can locate electrical hot spots like overcurrent in wiring, distribution panels, or transformers. The beauty of the inspection is that it is non-invasive. No test cuts, pene- trations, or disruption to regular oper- ations are needed. What is required is a trained, certified thermographer.

With the falling prices of IR cameras, many amateurs have them. ASTM has developed standards and guidelines for infrared thermography. Inspectors who operate the cameras and inter- pret images should be certified by the Infraspection Institute. It should come as no surprise that drones can now be equipped with IR cameras for an impressive marriage of technologies. Regarding the electromagnetic spec­ trum, let’s return to the visible part of the spectrum, light we can see, this time from a laser. “Lidar” is the acronym for Light Detection and Ranging. It is a remote sensing method that uses a pulsed laser beam to measure distanc- es. Combined with a special GPS receiver, it can measure exact distanc- es. Like an IR scan it is non contacting, noninvasive and non-disruptive to build- ing occupants. Furthermore, it can oper- ate in darkness as it generates its light. Care is necessary when employing the technology. Some lidar units emit light at the wavelength of 905 nanome- ters. That’s a frequency that can dam- age eyes and cameras. Fortunately, at that wavelength, governments have limited the power emitted. Initially developed in the 1960s, lidar was extensively used on aircraft for terrestrial measurements. Now, it is frequently used to create 3D repre- sentations of terrain for the construc- tion of roads, bridges and buildings – all the purview of civil engineers. One newer application of lidar scanning is in the interior measure- ments of buildings. With the lidar scan, a point cloud can be created. A point cloud is a set of data represent- ing a 3D object in space. Because

image during the periods of transition in temperature, it can detect wet mate- rials in a location. It is a handy tool in finding defects in siding or low slope roofs. Not limited to buildings, an IR

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